The forms of machining vary depending on the material of the workpiece and the requirements of the product. The traditional machining methods are turning, clamping, washing, planning and grinding, which we often hear about. With the development of mechanical technology, electroplating, wire cutting, casting, forging and powder processing have also emerged in machining. Different fabrication with machining in Malaysia is tailored to different accuracy requirements of objects.
Turning is mainly due to the rotation of the workpiece, which is cut into the required shape by means of a turning tool. Internal and external cylindrical surfaces are obtained when the tool moves along the parallel axis of rotation. Tapered surfaces are formed when the tool moves along an oblique line intersecting the axis. Rotary surfaces are formed on a profiling or CNC lathe by controlling the tool feed along a curve. Another type of rotary surface is produced by using a shaped turning tool with transverse feed. In addition to this machining threaded surfaces, end faces and eccentric shafts can also be machined by turning.
Milling processes rely mainly on the rotation of the tool. Milling is divided into horizontal and vertical milling. The horizontal milling plane is formed by the edge on the outer circular face of the milling cutter. Vertical milling is formed by the end face of the milling cutter. To achieve higher cutting speeds and increase productivity, the speed of the milling cutter can be increased. However, the cutting process is prone to vibration due to the cutting in and out of the milling cutter teeth, which creates an impact, thus limiting the surface quality.
Planing is mainly a reciprocating linear movement of the tool to cut the workpiece. As a result, the speed of planing is relatively low and thus productivity is low. However, the accuracy and surface roughness of planing is smoother than the results of milling.
The grinding process relies primarily on the grinding wheel and the abrasive to process the workpiece, relying on the rotation of the grinding wheel. When grinding, the grinding wheel is mainly used for cutting, scoring and sliding the surface of the workpiece with the grinding grains. The abrasive grains themselves are gradually dulled by the sharpness, making the cutting action worse and the cutting force greater. Therefore, after grinding for a certain period of time, the grinding wheel needs to be dressed with a diamond turning tool, etc.
For the machining of complex surfaces, CNC machines come in handy. The cutting of three-dimensional surfaces is mainly done by means of profiling and CNC milling or special machining methods. The prototype must be used as a mould for profiling. The ball-head profiling head is always in contact with the prototype surface with a certain pressure. The movement of the profiling head is transformed into an inductive quantity and the machining amplification controls the movement of the three axes of the milling machine to form the trajectory of the head along the surface. The milling cutter is mostly a ball-ended cutter with the same radius as the profiling head. The advent of CNC technology has provided a more efficient method for surface machining.